Vocabulary

singing enthusiastically

studying abroad; travelling to study; traveling to study

wise ruler; enlightened monarch; benevolent lord

gatepost; pier

great help

prison; jail; gaol

passion for gambling; fondness for speculation; speculative spirit

extinction; annihilation; destruction

mountain villa; chalet; mountain cottage; mountain retreat; house in the mountains

zero (points, marks); no marks

premature death

expulsion of foreigners

Japanese fir (Abies firma); momi fir

virtue; charm; merit; good point

daughter of a person of high rank (esp. eldest daughter)

great damage

being cleared (of doubt, misgivings, etc.); being dispelled; melting away

pain of sickness

past forty; following right course

policewoman

buoy

loser; failure; underdog; unsuccessful person; non-achiever; loser dog

being a poor loser; unwillingness to admit defeat; sour grapes

grape; grapevine

giant butterbur (Petasites japonicus); Japanese sweet coltsfoot

side dish; supplementary food

selling separately

(doctrine of) anarchism

forcing; compulsion; coercion; pushing (to do)

drizzle; light rain

providence; luck; favor; favour; advantage

pore (of the skin)

night school; evening school; evening class

misfortune; bad luck; evil; disaster

confinement; imprisonment; incarceration

digression

heat shimmer; heat haze; shimmering of hot air

(incoming) attack; raid; invasion; assault

disorder; confusion; clutter; mess; muddle; disarray

rangaku; study of Western knowledge through the Dutch language during the Edo period