[疑問詞]〜か
Embedded question 疑問詞+か
Meaning
Embeds a question containing WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY or HOW inside a larger sentence.
Formation
[question word] … [plain form] + か + [分かる / 知る / 覚える …]
Notes
The embedded clause stays in plain form even when the sentence is polite: 誰が来るか分かりません. Do not add かどうか when a question word is present. The clause can take を before a verb like 知る: どこにあるかを調べる.
Examples
誰(だれ)が来(く)るか分(わ)かりません。
I don't know who is coming.
Breakdown
会議(かいぎ)が何時(なんじ)に始(はじ)まるか教(おし)えてください。
Please tell me what time the meeting starts.
Breakdown
どこで買(か)ったか覚(おぼ)えていません。
I don't remember where I bought it.
Breakdown
なぜ彼(かれ)が怒(いか)っているか分(わ)かりますか。
Do you understand why he is angry?
Breakdown
何(なに)を買(か)うか、まだ決(き)めていません。
I haven't decided what to buy yet.
Breakdown
⚠️ Often confused with
〜かどうか
Whether or not 〜かどうか
Embeds a yes/no question inside a bigger sentence — "whether ~ (or not)".