Grammar
N4 connective

Embedded question 疑問詞+か

Meaning

Embeds a question containing WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY or HOW inside a larger sentence.

Formation

Notes

The embedded clause stays in plain form even when the sentence is polite: 誰が来るか分かりません. Do not add かどうか when a question word is present. The clause can take を before a verb like 知る: どこにあるかを調べる.

Examples

I don't know who is coming.

Breakdown
who comes (plain) (embedded question) don't know

Please tell me what time the meeting starts.

Breakdown
meeting at what time starts (embedded) please tell me

I don't remember where I bought it.

Breakdown
where bought (embedded) don't remember

Do you understand why he is angry?

Breakdown
why he is angry (embedded question) do you understand?

I haven't decided what to buy yet.

Breakdown
what to buy (embedded) yet haven't decided

⚠️ Often confused with

Whether or not 〜かどうか

Embeds a yes/no question inside a bigger sentence — "whether ~ (or not)".