〜場合は
In case 〜場合は
Meaning
"In the event that ~ / in the case that ~". Used to discuss what to do in a particular (often undesirable) situation.
Formation
[plain form] + 場合は / [ta-form] 場合は
Notes
More formal/abstract than たら. Common in instructions, manuals, and warnings. Often followed by a recommendation or instruction about what to do.
Examples
地震(じしん)が起(お)きた場合(ばあい)は、机(つくえ)の下(した)に隠(かく)れてください。
In the event of an earthquake, please hide under a desk.
Breakdown
分(わ)からない場合(ばあい)は、質問(しつもん)してください。
If you don't understand, please ask.
Breakdown
雨(あめ)の場合(ばあい)は、運動会(うんどうかい)は延期(えんき)されます。
In case of rain, the sports festival will be postponed.
Breakdown
故障(こしょう)した場合(ばあい)は、この番号(ばんごう)に電話(でんわ)してください。
If it breaks, please call this number.
Breakdown
緊急(きんきゅう)の場合(ばあい)は、110番(ばん)にかけてください。
In an emergency, please dial 110.
Breakdown
⚠️ Often confused with
〜と、〜
Conditional と (whenever / when)
Two uses: (1) natural/habitual consequence — "whenever A happens, B happens"; (2) discover...
〜ば
Conditional 〜ば (if / whenever)
A general conditional — "if A, then B". Formed from the hypothetical form (仮定形) of the...
〜たら
Conditional 〜たら (if / when / after)
The most versatile conditional. "If/when A happens, B". Formed from the ta-form stem + ら....
〜なら
Conditional 〜なら (if / given that)
A conditional based on the listener's stated or known information — "if it's the case that...
〜ても / 〜でも
Even if 〜ても
"Even if A, B" / "no matter if A". Indicates that B happens regardless of A. The result is...
〜ないことには
Unless 〜ないことには
"Unless ~", "without first ~ing" — nothing can proceed until this happens.
〜としたら / 〜とすれば
Supposing 〜としたら
"Supposing ~", "if we assume ~" — reasoning from a hypothetical.
〜てからでないと
Not until 〜てからでないと
"Not until ~", "unless ~ is done first" — a precondition that must come first.
〜さえ〜ば
If only 〜さえ〜ば
"If only ~", "as long as just ~" — one sufficient condition.