Grammar
N4 verb-grammar

Nominalizer の / explanatory ん

Meaning

Two related uses: (1) nominalizes a verb phrase ("the one that ~"); (2) explanatory の/ん — explains a situation or seeks an explanation ("the thing is... / what about...?").

Formation

Notes

Polite form: んです (or のです, more written). Softens questions and explains reasons. Spoken ん is common: どうしたんですか "What's the matter?". Also: 〜のは〜だ "the one that does ~ is...".

Examples

What's the matter? (explanatory; I notice something is wrong)

Breakdown
what happened (explanatory question)

I have a headache. (explaining why)

Breakdown
head (subject) painful (explaining)

Which one is the biggest? (の = nominalizer)

Breakdown
most big one (nominalizer) (topic) which is?

The one who came yesterday is Tanaka-san.

Breakdown
yesterday came the one (nominalizer) (topic) Mr./Ms. Tanaka is

The thing is, I don't have time. That's why I'm in a hurry.

Breakdown
time (subject) not (explaining) so am hurrying

It's because studying Japanese is fun. (〜のは〜からだ)

Breakdown
Japanese (object) study the thing (nominalizer) (topic) fun because