Grammar
N5 copula

Polite copula です

Meaning

The polite "to be" verb. States that something IS something. Used after nouns and na-adjective stems; for i-adjectives です just adds politeness.

Formation

Notes

Casual equivalent is だ. Polite negative: ではありません / じゃないです. Polite past: でした.

Examples

I am a student.

Breakdown
I (topic) student am

This is a pen.

Breakdown
this (topic) pen is

That over there is the school.

Breakdown
that over there (subject) school is

This room is quiet. (です after na-adjective stem 静か)

Breakdown
this room (topic) quiet is

This book is expensive. (です just makes 高い polite)

Breakdown
this book (topic) expensive (polite marker)

Are you Tanaka-san?

Breakdown
Mr./Ms. Tanaka are (question)