Grammar
N5 verb-form

Ta-form (casual past) 〜た

Meaning

The plain/casual past form. Same conjugation as the te-form, but with た / だ instead of て / で. Used in casual speech and as a noun modifier for past events.

Formation

Notes

Used to modify nouns casually: 昨日買った本 "the book I bought yesterday". Also the base for 〜たことがある (experience).

Examples

I watched a movie yesterday. (casual)

Breakdown
yesterday movie (object) watched

The book I read yesterday was interesting. (modifying a noun)

Breakdown
yesterday read (past) book (topic) was interesting

Did you eat breakfast? (casual question)

Breakdown
breakfast (object) ate

I talked with my friend. (Group 1 す-ending → した)

Breakdown
friend with talked

What did you do over the weekend? (casual)

Breakdown
weekend at what (object) did

The present he gave me. (Group 2 る → た)

Breakdown
he (subject) gave (me) present