Vocabulary

type; pattern; shape; genre; breed

crack; crevice; split; fissure; cleft; rift

taking the podium; mounting the rostrum; going on stage to give a speech, etc.

windward; upwind

disregarding; taking no account of; ignoring; overlooking

large-flowered

geomagnetism; terrestrial magnetism

calculation; self-interest; selfishness

wavelike; in waves; undulation

strong person; the strong; the powerful

parallel bars

88th birthday

wall-mounted ornament; wall decoration; wall hanging

transfiguration; transformation; change of appearance

returned goods; returning purchased goods

lecturer; rhetorician; orator

protective trade

pasturage; grazing

scheme; plot; artifice; stratagem; trick

true meaning; underlying principle

official sumo tournament (six per year); Grand Sumo Tournament; honbasho

shoplifting; shoplifter

poverty; penury; want; need

incurability

empty bottle

wholesale price

federation; federal state

drying up; running dry

cluster of trees; grove; thicket

classification; sorting (out); grouping; assortment

remedial measure; relief measure; corrective measure; countermeasure; remedy

tornado; whirlwind; waterspout; twister

condolence; sympathy; mourning

smell; scent; odour; odor; stench

two Deva kings; guardian gods of Buddhism who stand at the entrance of a Buddhist temple

language learning ability; foreign language skills; linguistic ability

Japanese philology; Japanese linguistics

real wages

number of households

flourish of trumpets; fanfare