Vocabulary

rough estimate; rough calculation

large size (paper, book, etc.)

by nature; naturally; by birth; innately; congenitally

(many) years

evolutionary theory; theory of evolution

giving a lecture in the Emperor's presence; lecturing to the Emperor

opinion; intention; thought

study (of); discussion; discourse; inquiry; research article; academic paper

Japan and the West; Japanese style and Western style

cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty

(spoken) line (in a play, film, comic, etc.); one's lines

painter; artist

old model; old type; old style

existing; living; extant

salmon (Salmonidae spp.)

to point upward; to look upward

meagre; meager; scarce; limited; destitute; hard up

cheek (of the face)

vividly green; lush green; fresh and green; verdant; deep blue

memorization; memorisation; learning by heart

row of houses

mild (climate); temperate; clement; pleasant; agreeable

flower arrangement; floral art; ikebana

cut; gash; incision

cut; slice (meat, fish); fillet

grinding; polishing

intense; violent; severe; vehement

to freeze; to become frozen; to freeze over

number of articles; number of items; quantity

reluctantly; unwillingly

material; tangible; concrete

contributing cause; exciting cause; incentive; motive

infancy

Western-style room

taking care of one's health

diuresis

land transportation

abbreviation; acronym

circulation; dissemination

two ways; both ways; two kinds