Grammar
N5 demonstrative

Demonstrative pronouns これ・それ・あれ・どれ

Meaning

Standalone demonstratives (act as nouns). これ = near the speaker; それ = near the listener; あれ = far from both; どれ = "which one?"

Formation

Notes

Used WITHOUT a following noun. To modify a noun, use この/その/あの/どの instead.

Examples

What is this?

Breakdown
this (topic) what is it?

That (by you) is my book.

Breakdown
that (near you) (topic) I/me (possessive) book is

That over there is a mountain.

Breakdown
that over there (topic) mountain is

Which one is yours?

Breakdown
which one (subject) you (possessive) is it?

I'm going home now. (これから = "from now on")

Breakdown
from now return home

Well then, see you. (それじゃ = "well then")

Breakdown
well then again

⚠️ Often confused with

Demonstrative modifiers この・その・あの・どの

Demonstratives that MUST be followed by a noun. この本 "this book"; その人 "that person";...

Place demonstratives ここ・そこ・あそこ・どこ

Place demonstratives. ここ = here (speaker); そこ = there (listener); あそこ = over there...