これ / それ / あれ / どれ
Demonstrative pronouns これ・それ・あれ・どれ
Meaning
Standalone demonstratives (act as nouns). これ = near the speaker; それ = near the listener; あれ = far from both; どれ = "which one?"
Formation
これ・それ・あれ・どれ + は/が/を etc.
Notes
Used WITHOUT a following noun. To modify a noun, use この/その/あの/どの instead.
Examples
これは何(なん)ですか。
What is this?
Breakdown
それは私(わたし)の本(ほん)です。
That (by you) is my book.
Breakdown
あれは山(やま)です。
That over there is a mountain.
Breakdown
どれがあなたのですか。
Which one is yours?
Breakdown
これから帰(かえ)ります。
I'm going home now. (これから = "from now on")
Breakdown
それじゃ、また。
Well then, see you. (それじゃ = "well then")
Breakdown
⚠️ Often confused with
この / その / あの / どの + [noun]
Demonstrative modifiers この・その・あの・どの
Demonstratives that MUST be followed by a noun. この本 "this book"; その人 "that person";...
ここ / そこ / あそこ / どこ
Place demonstratives ここ・そこ・あそこ・どこ
Place demonstratives. ここ = here (speaker); そこ = there (listener); あそこ = over there...