Vocabulary

alias; pseudonym; pen name; nom de plume

spare time; free time; leisure

left side; left-hand side

shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute

ignominious defeat; crushing failure; utterly beaten; overwhelming defeat

emotion; feeling

branch office

samurai; warrior

wholesale store; wholesale dealer; wholesaler

both sides

war; battle; campaign; fight

present; gift

registered mail; registered post; registration (of mail)

origin; beginning; source

scar

model; standard; pattern; norm; criterion; example

group (of people); crowd; horde; throng; mob; multitude

retail

seasonal change of clothing; changing one's dress for the season

small quantity; small amount

roadside trees; row of trees

sunlight; rays of the Sun

a long time ago; long before now

allotment; assignment; allocation; quota; rationing

low temperature

Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period

going too far; going to extremes

pivot

point worthy of note; good point; part worth seeing; highlight; good scene

space development; space exploration

family court

flood plain; river terrace; riverside area; area between river and river bank

government course (curriculum) guidelines

inside a library, museum, cinema, etc.; on the premises

design (on a banner); emblem (on a flag); insignia

care; attentiveness; attention; consideration (for others); solicitude

protocol

digging out; excavation

remaining in office; staying in office; remaining at one's post

construction; constructing; carrying out; work; formation; workmanship