〜にもかかわらず
In spite of 〜にもかかわらず
Meaning
"In spite of ~", "despite ~" — a strong, formal contrast.
Formation
[plain form] + にもかかわらず · [noun] + にもかかわらず
Notes
Formal and written — announcements, reports, speeches. A noun attaches bare: 雨にもかかわらず, never ×雨だにもかかわらず. Do not confuse it with 〜に関わらず ("regardless of"), which pairs opposites: 天気に関わらず.
Examples
雨（あめ）にもかかわらず、大勢（おおぜい）の人（ひと）が集（あつ）まりました。
In spite of the rain, a great many people gathered.
Breakdown
努力（どりょく）したにもかかわらず、結果（けっか）は出（で）ませんでした。
Despite his efforts, there were no results.
Breakdown
お忙（いそが）しいにもかかわらず、ご出席（しゅっせき）いただきありがとうございます。
Thank you for attending despite your busy schedule.
Breakdown
何度（なんど）も注意（ちゅうい）したにもかかわらず、彼（かれ）は聞（き）きませんでした。
Although I warned him repeatedly, he would not listen.
Breakdown
悪天候（あくてんこう）にもかかわらず、試合（しあい）は行（おこな）われました。
The match went ahead despite the bad weather.
Breakdown
⚠️ Often confused with
〜が、〜
But 〜が
Connects two clauses with contrast — "but / however". More formal/written than けど.
〜けど、〜
But 〜けど (colloquial)
Connects two clauses with contrast — "but / however". The everyday spoken equivalent of が...
〜のに
Although 〜のに
Contrast with feeling — "although ~", "even though ~". Carries surprise, disappointment or...
〜くせに
Even though (reproach) 〜くせに
"Even though ~", "and yet ~" — with contempt, blame or resentment.
〜ながらも
Although (formal) 〜ながらも
"Although ~", "while ~" — a written contrast between two facts held at once.
〜わりに
Considering 〜わりに
"Considering ~", "for a ~" — the result is out of proportion with what you would expect.
〜ものの
Although (written) 〜ものの
"Although ~", "~, but" — the expected consequence did not follow.
〜とはいえ
Be that as it may 〜とはいえ
"Although ~", "be that as it may" — concedes a known fact, then denies the expectation it...
〜といえども
Even granting that 〜といえども
"Even though ~", "even ~ (of all people)" — a very formal concession.