〜につき
Due to / per 〜につき
Meaning
"Due to ~" in official notices; also "per ~" for rates.
Formation
[noun] + につき
Notes
Two unrelated jobs share the form. As a reason it is signboard Japanese — 本日は休業につき — and never spoken. As a rate it means "per each": 一人につき二枚.
Examples
本日(ほんじつ)は休業(きゅうぎょう)につき、明日(あした)お越(こ)しください。
Closed today — please come tomorrow.
Breakdown
工事中(こうじちゅう)につき、通行(つうこう)できません。
No passage due to construction work.
Breakdown
一人(ひとり)につき二枚(にまい)まで買(か)えます。
You may buy up to two per person. (the "per" sense)
Breakdown
雨天(うてん)につき、試合(しあい)は中止(ちゅうし)となりました。
The match was called off on account of rain.
Breakdown
会議(かいぎ)中(なか)につき、のちほどご連絡(れんらく)します。
I am in a meeting, so I will contact you later.
Breakdown
⚠️ Often confused with
〜から
Reason 〜から (because)
Gives a reason or cause — "because ~ / since ~". Subjective and conversational. Comes afte...
〜ので
Reason 〜ので (formal because)
A more formal / softer "because" than から. Used in polite speech, business, and writing....
〜以上(は)
Now that 〜以上は
"Now that ~", "since ~" — given this fact, a duty or resolve follows.
〜だけあって
As you would expect 〜だけあって
"As you would expect of ~", "no wonder, given that ~". Admiring.
〜ことから
Judging from 〜ことから
"From the fact that ~", "judging from ~" — states the evidence a conclusion rests on.
〜ゆえ(に)
Owing to (literary) 〜ゆえ(に)
"Because of ~", "owing to ~" — a stiff, literary statement of cause.
〜とあって
Given the occasion 〜とあって
"Because it is (the special occasion of) ~" — a special situation produces a natural resul...
〜ばこそ
It is only because 〜ばこそ
"It is precisely because ~ (and nothing else)" — an emphatic, positive reason.
〜あっての
Made possible only by 〜あっての
"Which exists only thanks to ~", "~ is what makes it possible".
〜手前
With others watching 〜手前
"Since ~ (and with people watching), I have no choice but to ..." — social face forces the...
〜こととて
Seeing that (apologetic) 〜こととて
"Because it is ~ (please excuse it)" — a humble reason offered with an apology.
〜にかこつけて
Under the pretext of 〜にかこつけて
"Using ~ as an excuse", "under the pretext of ~".