Grammar
JLPT grammar patterns with formation, examples, and confusables.
〜際（に）
On the occasion of 〜際（に）
A formal "when ~", "on the occasion of ~".
〜に際して
At the time of 〜に際して
Formal "on the occasion of ~", "at the time of ~" — used as something significant begins.
〜に先立って
Prior to 〜に先立って
"Prior to ~", "in advance of ~" — a preliminary step before a major event.
〜てからというもの
Ever since then 〜てからというもの
"Ever since ~" — a turning point after which things have stayed changed.
〜とともに
Together with / as 〜とともに
"Together with ~"; also "as ~ changes, so does …".
〜につれて
As ~ progresses 〜につれて
"As ~ progresses, …" — two things changing gradually in step.
〜に従って
In accordance with 〜に従って
"In accordance with ~"; also "as ~ progresses".
〜に伴って
Accompanying 〜に伴って
"Accompanying ~", "as a consequence of ~" — formal parallel change.
〜あげく（に）
After all that 〜あげく（に）
"After all that ~, in the end …" — a long, troublesome process ending badly.
〜末（に）
After much ~ 〜末（に）
"After much ~, finally …" — a long process reaching its conclusion.
〜からには
Now that / given that 〜からには
"Now that ~", "given that ~" — a premise the speaker then acts on.
〜だけに
Precisely because 〜だけに
"Precisely because ~", "all the more so because ~".
〜ことだから
Knowing them 〜ことだから
"Since it is ~ (that person), …" — a prediction based on someone's known character.
〜からこそ
It is precisely because 〜からこそ
"It is precisely because ~ that …" — emphatic reason.
〜につき
Due to / per 〜につき
"Due to ~" in official notices; also "per ~" for rates.
〜からといって
Just because 〜からといって
"Just because ~, it does not follow that …".
〜てはじめて
Only after 〜てはじめて
"Only after ~", "not until ~ did I …".
〜おそれがある
There is a risk that 〜おそれがある
"There is a risk / danger that ~".
〜ことに（は）
To my surprise 〜ことに（は）
"To my surprise / delight / regret, …" — the speaker's reaction stated first.
〜ないことはない
It is not that ~ cannot 〜ないことはない
"It is not that ~ cannot / does not" — a reluctant, hedged yes.
〜一方（で）
While / on the one hand 〜一方（で）
"While ~", "on the one hand ~, on the other …" — two sides of one situation.
〜反面
On the flip side 〜反面
"On the other hand ~" — two opposite qualities of the same thing.
〜に反して
Contrary to 〜に反して
"Contrary to ~", "against ~".
〜どころか
Far from 〜どころか
"Far from ~"; "let alone ~" — the reality is well beyond, or well short of, what was said.
〜としても
Even supposing 〜としても
"Even if ~", "even supposing ~" — the outcome would not change.
〜にしても / 〜にしろ / 〜にせよ
Even if or whether 〜にしても / 〜にしろ / 〜にせよ
"Even if ~"; paired, "whether A or B".
〜つつ / 〜つつも
While / even while 〜つつ / 〜つつも
"While doing ~"; with も, "even though ~".
〜かわりに
Instead of / in exchange 〜かわりに
"Instead of ~"; "in exchange for ~"; "in return".
〜くらいなら
Rather than 〜くらいなら
"Rather than ~, I would sooner …" — rejecting the worse of two options.
〜というより
More like 〜というより
"Rather than ~", "more like ~" — correcting a description with a better one.